Home Buying

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Fintech Solutions Create Flexible Financing Options

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Home values are hovering at near record highs. For many homeowners, their home is their most valuable asset and home equity can be a significant source of their wealth.

Homeowners can leverage the value of their home, such as in the form of a home equity loan and home equity lines of credit (HELOC). They may use their home equity funds to try to increase their property value by repairing or renovating the home to prepare it to sell. They may also use home equity funds to eliminate private mortgage insurance (PMI). But consumers often find that home equity financing can be overly complicated. A 2022 survey of U.S. borrowers indicated that approximately one-third of respondents thought getting a mortgage was more difficult than buying a car (31%), applying for jobs (29%) and applying to college (26%). 

Further, home equity loans and HELOCs are not without drawbacks. Borrowing against your home equity means the mortgage balance stays high, interest rates add costs, borrowers can find themselves owing more than their home is worth, credit scores can suffer, and, in the worst cases, homeowners could lose their homes due to missed payments. 

Those risks beg the question: Are home equity loans and HELOCs the best options?

Leveraging Home Equity Without a Loan

Because real estate professionals are often trusted sources of information for homeowners, they may face questions over financing options. Agents should always advise their clients to speak with mortgage lenders and financial experts over their personal financing matters. But technology could help them find some answers, too. Financial technology (aka fintech) companies are offering real estate professionals and consumers alternative financing options that may be worth exploring. 

For example, Unlock Technologies (a fintech company focused on helping consumers improve their financial status) has created a financing option—a home equity agreement (HEA)—that allows homeowners to leverage home equity without taking on a loan. The concept is fairly simple: Homeowners receive an interest-free lump sum of cash in exchange for a share of their home’s future value. Because an HEA is not a loan, there are no monthly payments. The qualification threshold is lower than traditional home equity loans and HELOCs, making HEAs an option for a wider population of consumers. Income requirements are also lower, so HEAs may be a better option for homeowners who are self-employed, retired or who may lack a steady income. 

HEA funds can be used for any purpose, including home renovations or repairs, consolidating or eliminating debt, education expenses or funding a business. Homeowners can access the wealth created via their home equity while retaining the title to their homes and avoiding additional debt.

Other potential benefits of Unlock’s HEAs include streamlined application and approval processes, including an online estimate feature that takes only minutes and won’t impact credit scores. Unlike reverse mortgages, HEAs are available to property owners of all ages, and applicants do not need perfect credit to qualify.

An Unlock HEA includes a home improvement adjustment, which means that homeowners who make significant improvements to their homes retain the value added from those improvements. 

An HEA is completed when one of the following scenarios plays out: A homeowner buys back their equity in one lump sum at any point during the 10-year term; a homeowner makes a partial buyout of Unlock’s investment; or, a homeowner settles Unlock’s investment when the home is sold. 

Curious how it works? Assume your home value was $600,000. You choose an “Investment Payment” of $60,000—10% of your home’s value. Your exchange rate is 2.0%, so your “Unlock Percentage” is 20% (10% x 2.0). If you sell your home later for $750,000, the Unlock Share is 20% of that $150,000 gain in value. For additional examples, check out Unlock’s Product Guidepdf.

It’s also important to point out, that fintech companies like Unlock are not lenders. In fact, Unlock is a team of finance, mortgage and real estate leaders dedicated to helping consumers create more financial flexibility.

The Benefits for Real Estate Professionals 

Home equity funds are plentiful. Current market data indicates that, as of August 2024, U.S. borrowers held $17.6 trillion in home equity collectively, with $11.5 trillion of that considered tappable. Further, U.S. mortgage data indicates that three in five homeowners have at least $100K in available equity.

Real estate professionals add tremendous value when they let clients know that they can have access to these funds, especially when home equity is used to repair or renovate homes. After all, every party in a real estate transaction benefits when top condition homes sell for market value in a competitive real estate landscape. 

In addition to funding home improvements, homeowners carrying high debt loads can access their home equity via HEAs to pay down debt and qualify for better mortgage rates when buying their next home. Also, homeowners who are looking for investment or rental properties can use HEAs to fund down payments. 

With high interest rates, growing personal debt and sky-high home equity values, homeowners are looking for alternative financing options. Innovative fintech solutions have the potential to expand beyond traditional home lending to include more people at more stages of their lives. Real estate professionals who are part of that financial transformation can build trust and relationships that benefit everyone. 

Read more on NAR

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‘Unverifiable income’ can limit your mortgage options — here’s how to get around it

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A number of factors can get your mortgage application denied. So-called “unverifiable income” is one of them. 

Mortgage lenders want to know if you’re financially capable of paying back the loan. One way they’ll do that is by requesting documents like your federal income tax returns, W-2 and current pay stubs, according to Freddie Mac. 

Any money that you earn that isn’t tied to a form like a W-2 or 1099 can make it difficult for a lender to verify your annual income, said Jacob Channel, an economist at LendingTree. 

For instance, income you earn from a rental property you own may be tricky for a mortgage lender to verify, he said. The same can be said for things like gifted cash for a down payment or side hustle earnings.

It’s a more common problem than you might expect.

About 12% of recent prospective homebuyers were denied a mortgage because a lender could not verify their income, according to the 2024 Profile of Homebuyers and Sellers report by the National Association of Realtors.

The NAR polled 5,390 buyers who purchased a primary residence between July 2023 and June 2024.

In such instances where you have different forms of income or are self-employed, it may be worth looking into non-conventional mortgage options, said Melissa Cohn, regional vice president of William Raveis Mortgage in New York. 

“The good news is that there are programs available for people who don’t qualify conventionally,” she said. “But it is a little bit more expensive.”

For example, you may have to sustain higher-than-usual mortgage rates.

Here’s what you need to know.

How a non-qualified mortgage works

Some homebuyers who need more flexibility when applying for mortgages could benefit from a non-qualified mortgage, or a Non-QM loan, Cohn said.

Such loans verify income differently. If you’re self-employed, a non-QM lender can use bank statements to calculate the income that may qualify for the loan instead of a pay stub, tax return or W-2, she said.

“They might also look at what kind of assets you have,” Channel said.

Other banks and lenders will accept the most recent 1099 and do not rely upon tax returns if you’re self-employed in a business you own, Cohn said.

But, be careful. While it may be easier to qualify through income, such loans can be more costly, said Brian Nevins, a sales manager at Bay Equity, a Redfin-owned mortgage lender. 

“You may have to jump through more hoops in order to get those mortgages,” Channel said.

For example, you may need a higher credit score or be required to provide a bigger down payment.

The loan may also come with a rate higher than that of a conventional loan. That’s because non-QM loans do not follow the criteria of qualified mortgages set by the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau.

In the first half of 2024, the average initial 30-year interest rate for non-QM loans was 6.7%, compared to 6.4% for a qualified loan, according to data from CoreLogic.

A ‘stepping stone’ for unverified income

Non-QM loans are often better suited for those who invest in real estate or wealthy individuals with a number of assets, Channel said.

“In those instances, you can kind of substitute assets for active income,” he said.

Even if you suspect your income will be hard to verify, it’s smart to start with traditional loan options.

If your application for a conventional mortgage is rejected, reach out to your lender and ask why it was denied, he explained.

“Maybe you submitted the wrong year’s W-2 form. Mistakes do happen,” Channel said.

But if you’re going through a transition from being employed to self-employed, or starting a new job with a new company, a non-QM loan could be a “stepping stone,” Cohn said.

Once you start to show sufficient income on your returns, you can always apply for a refinance in the future, experts say.

“Just because you take out a non-QM loan doesn’t mean you’re stuck,” Cohn said.

Read more on CNBC

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Here’s What The Rise of Homeowners Associations Means For Buyers

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When shopping for a home, many buyers may hope to avoid purchasing a property subject to a homeowners association.

But that may be easier said than done.

That’s because HOAs are on the rise in the U.S. Therefore it’s important to understand the ins and outs of these organizations before you buy.

Nearly three-quarters, or 70%, of surveyed homeowners say if they were to buy a new home in the future, they would prefer a community without an HOA, according to recent data from Frontdoor. The home repair and maintenance services company in September polled 1,005 homeowners, 85% of whom are currently part of an HOA.

Why it’s hard to avoid HOAs

Homeowners associations are composed of community residents elected to a board of directors, which govern the neighborhood by a set of rules and regulations. Homeowners pay dues to have common areas like parks, roads, and community pools maintained and repaired.

Such organizations exist for different types of properties, from single-family homes and rowhomes to condominiums and cooperatives.

The presence of HOAs in the U.S. has ballooned over recent decades. In 1970, there were 10,000 community associations with about 2.1 million residents, per the Foundation.

In 2023, about 65% of new single-family homes were built within HOAs, up from 49% in 2009, according to the U.S. Census.

Today, HOA or common-interest communities represent about 30% of the housing stock in the U.S., and house 75.5 million Americans, according to the Foundation for Community Association Research. The entity is an affiliate organization of Community Associations Institute, a membership group for HOAs and other community organizations.

Common-interest communities are becoming more typical because they provide a financial benefit for local governments, according to Thomas M. Skiba, CEO of the Community Associations Institute, a membership organization of homeowner and condominium associations.

“They don’t have to plow the street anymore [or] do all that maintenance and they still collect the full property tax value,” Skiba told CNBC, referring to local authorities.

HOA membership is more common in some areas. Florida has the highest HOA membership rate of 66.86%, or more than 4 million homes in HOAs, according to a data analysis by This Old House, a home improvement site.

“It is truly a luxury in a lot of cases to buy a home that’s not in a community,” said Steve Horvath, co-founder of HOA United, an advocacy group for homeowners in common-interest communities.

How HOAs add to homeownership costs

The price tag that comes with a common interest community will depend on it’s location and the amenities the association offers.

The mandatory membership can cost homeowners as little as $100 a year to more than $1,000 a month, depending on the community, according to the American National Bank of Texas.

Such costs tend to increase over time, and rarely go down. In Frontdoor’s survey, 51% of current HOA members said they experienced an increase in their HOA fees, and 65% say price increases happen frequently.

How to vet an HOA before you buy

Many Americans are satisfied with their HOA. About 60% of surveyed homeowners reported having a positive experience with their community, according to Frontdoor.

But others go through grievances. About 1 in 3 had some experience that made them want to move, Frontdoor found. Of those wanting to leave the neighborhood, 63% complained about fees while 53% cited inconsistent rule enforcement.

“Sometimes HOAs can be really intrusive,” like what colors you can choose from to paint the exterior of your house, said Jim Tobin, CEO of the National Association of Home Builders.

If you’re currently in the market for a home and are unsure if an HOA community is right for you, here are a few things to consider in the shopping process:

  • Ask your real estate agent or the home seller’s agent for a copy of all the HOA paperwork like covenants, bylaws, fee schedule, rules and regulations, experts say. Also ask for meeting minutes, whether annual general meeting minutes or board meeting minutes for the past 12 months, Horvath said. Such documents can be very telling about how an HOA is operated, he said.

  • Inquire about monthly or annual fees, the HOA’s budget and the history of how assessments have grown over the years, according to Skiba.

  • Ask your real estate agent or the seller’s agent if the house you want to buy has any unpaid assessments, said Horvath. Such outstanding balances should be dealt by the seller as part of the sale.

  • Review any pending litigation, disputes or existing judgements within the community, said Horvath.

  • Look into the community’s reserve funds, which ensures repair and renovation. Check if the community is putting enough money aside for big expenses or if they are property funded, Skiba said.

  • Ask if you can attend a board meeting or the member’s annual general meeting if possible.

Read more on CNBC

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If there is a home that you would like more information about, if you are considering selling a property, or if you have questions about the housing market in your neighborhood, please reach out. We’re here to help.

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